| Description | A native wild flower that can be aggressive. |
|---|---|
| Pronunciation | (vi-O-la) |
| Plant Type | All Plants, Wild Flowers |
| Hardiness Zone | 5 |
| Sunlight | full to shaded depending on the moisture |
| Moisture | average, best in moist |
| Soil & Site | average, best in moist |
| Flowers | blue, one per scape (flower stalk), end of April through May in my gardens |
| Leaves | green, heart shaped, rounded teeth, emerge directly from the plants rhizome |
| Stems | mostly stemless |
| Dimensions | 4 inches high, 6 inches or greater in spread |
| Maintenance | In one large woodland garden I maintained, this plant was aggressive, almost to the point of being weedy. |
| Propagation | easy by division, seeds |
| Misc Facts | Wisconsin's state flower as of 1909. |
| Author's Notes | I have a patch of this plant growing in my lawn by my vegetable garden. I cut over the plants with the lawn mower blade set at higher than 3". I don't cut when they are blooming. They don't seem to mind this and come back each year. |
| Notes & Reference | #100-Wildflowers of Wisconsin and the Upper Midwest (Merel Black and Emmet Judziewicz), #153-Illinois Wild Flower (www.illinoiswildflowers.info), #218-Flora of Wisconsin (wisflora.herbarium.wisc.edu) |
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