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frost crack
The common term "frost crack" is misnomer because frost does not cause the initial crack. When a stressed, or wounded area in the bark is subject to a sudden change in temperature, the outer layer of wood will contract quicker than the inner causing the crack to occur. The frost and cold temperatures are responsible for the continuation of the vertical crack. Physically they are vertical bulges or cracks on trunks indicate a recurring stress. This is a noninfectious tree disease.
A very long frost crack in a Autumn Blaze Maple.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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